Soil conservation means the use and preservation of the natural resources of earth and their protection from destructive influences misuse, decay, fire, or waste. The chief causes of soil erosion are water and wind.
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Soil Conservation:
Soil conservation means the use and preservation of the natural resources of earth and their protection from destructive influences misuse, decay, fire, or waste. The chief causes of soil erosion are water and wind.
Principles of soil conservation:
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To protect soil from the effects of rain drops.
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To slow down the flow of water when it flows on slope.
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Reductions of wind velocity near the places grow vegetation cover.
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To grow vegetation cover which might catch and hold the moving particles of soil?
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To increase soil fertility and productivity.
Methods of soil conservation:
Different methods are used for soil conservation.
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Biological method: To employ the use of plant or vegetation cover.
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Agricultural: Natural protection by growing vegetation which can reduce soil loss.
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Soil Fertility: Soil fertility provides nutrient element and compo pounds in adequate amounts and fertility of soil depends upon the humus or organic matters checks soil erosion by absorbing water and the reduction rate and amount run-off.
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Crop Rotation: Crop rotation decreases soil loss and preserves. The productivity of land. By the same crop year by year depletes the soil mineral.
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Strip Cropping: It involves the planting of crop in rows to check the flow of water
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Terracing: Here slop is made to several flat strips for plantation and cultivation. The method of dividing slope into several flat fields is called terracing and each of the terrace works as an embankment of earth, built across the slope to control runoff and reduce erosion.
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Dry Farming: It is useful for crop lands grown in low and moderate rain fall areas. Crop production, animal husbandry, and growing grazing fields are the possibilities of checking erosion. It may be done by strip cropping, crop, rotation farming etc.
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Lay Faming: Grasses grown in rotation with the field crops, helps in building up the structure of soil, preventing soil erosion and improving its fertility.
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Aforestation: By the process of a forestation establishment of new forests is one of the methods for soil conservation. Planting on land is the successful method for soil conservation.
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Planning of wind break trees: It is also one of method to check soil erosion. So strong tall plants are to be planted densely, as a boundary on the fields.
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Control of grazing: Over grazing because soil erosion. To control grazing a certain are should not be allowed to be grazed for a long days.