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Convertible debentures are those debentures which can be converted into specified number of equity shares of the company after the expiry of a specified period at the option of the holder of such debentures.

Equity shares and debentures are the two most common types of securities issued by a company for raising long-term funds.

Debentures are creditor ship securities representing long-term indebtedness of a company. A debenture is an instrument executed by the company under its common seal acknowledging indebtedness to some person or persons to secure the sum advanced.

Raising capital by issue of shares is a most important method of raising long-term funds. Those funds can be invested in long-term or permanent assets like land and building, plant and machinery, furniture etc.

Equity shares or ordinary shares are those shares which are not preference shares. Dividend on these shares is paid after the fixed rate of dividend has been paid on preference shares.

Every company requires funds for investment in business. In a business, funds are required to purchase various fixed assets such as land and buildings, machinery, furniture etc and for meeting the day to day requirements of the business such as for purchasing raw-materials, paying salaries and wages and incurring expenses.

Environment in general, means the sum total of all physical and social conditions that influence individuals or community.

A business system is an organized or complex or whole, combination of things or parts forming a complex or unitary whole.

Economic reforms/environment affects the business and industry directly. Business plans and programmers are directly influenced by economic factors, such as, interest rates, money supply, price level, consumers credit etc.

The forces in external environment have their impact on the goals, values, human relations technologies and decision making in a business organisation.

Business, now-a-days is vitally affected by the economic, social, legal, technological and political factors.

Business as we know is an economic activity of generation income through buying and selling, manufacturing and rendering auxiliary services to trade.

Welcome to the updated page of Business Studies Glossary. This page includes some of the most significant technical terms mainly used in the field of Business Studies and Research.

Games are truly universal in nature, it is the eternity that lubricates the body, the mind and the soul.

This article is for all those learners of Business Studies who want to learn some of the most important key notes on various topics of Business Studies and Research.

Business Studies Question Paper Year 1999.