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As the name implies these organic compounds have low boiling point and evaporate quickly into the atmosphere.

In the earth’s crust, the level of arsenic is 2 ppm (the main one being sulphide). The main sources of arsenic pollution are agricultural chemicals. Arsenic can exist in two forms-trivalent and pentavalent. Trivalent arsenic is the most toxic one.

Pb exerts its activity through sulphydryl inhibition. Pb has affinity for sulphur and it also reacts with carbonyl and phosphoryl groups. The main biochemical effect of lead is due to its interference with hemesynthesis, leading to hematological damage.

Nutrients are chemicals essential for the growth of living things. For plants there are sixteen elements required for their healthier growth.

There are large numbers of water pollutants. For our convenience, they have been classified into five different categories: (i) Organic pollutants (ii) Inorganic pollutants (iii) Suspended solids and sediments (iv) Radioactive pollutants and (v) Thermal pollutants Organic pollutants.

The dispersion of emitted gases from the source of their production is known as plume and the source is known as stack.

Food chain studies help us to understand the feeding relationships and the interaction between organisms in any eco-system. They help us to understand the energy flow mechanism and matter circulation, such as circulation of toxic substances in the eco-system and the problem of biological magnification.

An organism requires minimum quantity of a particular nutrient for its proper growth and if it is depicted below the critical minimum level, the organism will fail to grow or will grow abnormally.

Edaphic factors deal with the structure formation and characteristics of different types of soils.

Light plays a vital role for both plants and animals. Sunlight is the ultimate source of energy for the biological world.

The importance of ecology is due to the presence of man in the eco­system. Man interacts not only with its own species but also with other living organisms.

Ecology is a branch of science that deals with the inter-relationship between biotic (living) and abiotic (non-living) components of nature as well as with the relationship among the individuals, population and community of the biotic components.

Sustainable development is the development that meets the needs of the present without jeopardizing the needs of future generations.

The logistic growth equations can predict with some degree of accuracy the density dependent population, but not the human population growth.

The term population originated from the Latin word populus, meaning people. In ecology, population is defined as a group of organism of a particular species, which breed among themselves or have the potential to do so and generally occupy a particular space.

Projects that need EIA or do not need it are identified.