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Food is a mixture of many different chemical components. The study of food science involves an understanding of the changes that occur in these components during food prepara­tion whether natural or induced by handling procedures.

Geography forms a part of social sciences and is one of the social sciences which is now heading towards a scientific form. Change is the law of nature and change is the fundamental of development and progress.

The quantity of solid wastes generation in big cities of India is almost 400-600 gm per person and is increasing day by day at an enhanced rate.

Water everywhere not a drop to drink. We are very familiar with this term. So far, we have discussed how the anthropogenic activities degrade our environment.

A toxic substance, living or non-living, at an undesirable limit is called a pollutant. Such a substance when present in air is called a<r pollutant. The process of polluting the air and making it unsafe for living is called pollution of air.

In nature, food chain relationships are very complex. They never operate as isolated sequences, as one organism may form the food source of many organisms and so on. Thus, instead of a food chain, a number of food chains are interconnected with each other and form a web-like structure known as ‘food web’.

There exists a direct link between abiotic and biotic components. The abiotic components are in continuous cycle; from the environment they enter the living organisms and from these organisms return to the environment after their death and decay.

On the basis of salinity, aquatic eco-systems can be freshwater eco­system and marine eco-system. Examples of freshwater eco-systems are ponds, lakes, rivers, etc., which are either lotic (running water) or lentic (standing water).

A pollutant may be defined as ‘anything living or non-living or any physical agent (e.g., heat, sound, etc.), that in its excess makes any part of the environment undesirable for survival.

The Russian Revolution of 1917 is seen as the most important event of the 20th Century, the unexpected dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991 marked not only the equally unexpected termination of the Cold War but the end of century itself. Events of the 1990s illustrated dilemmas, issues, and problems that also dominate the […]

The Non-Aligned Movement (NAM) is an international organization of states considering themselves not formally aligned with or against any major power bloc.

During the Industrial Revolution, the industrialist replaced the merchant as a dominant actor in the capitalist system and affected the decline of the traditional handicraft skills of artisans, guilds, and journeymen.

Capitalism as a system developed incrementally from the 16th century in Europe, although capitalist-like organisations existed in the ancient world.

The transition from the feudal organization of society to the earliest forms of capitalism happened in periods differing from country to country.

The European Exploration established many colonies in Africa and the America. A new reservoir of revenue became a ready avenue, sparking the Commercial Revolution.

In 1992, 2500 years of democracy’ were enthusiastically celebrated all over the world. This was an unusual celebration for two reasons.