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In the early stage of human civilization, men produced as per their need and consumption. But the industrial development has made production round about and this has resulted in large scale production.

The following documents are prepared by the exporter at the time of exporting goods. These are:

Before sending the goods to the importer, the exporter seeks to know the creditworthiness of the importer.

The indirect exporters who act as intermediaries between the manufacturers and the importers are called export houses or export merchants.

Bill of lading is a contract where the ship-owner acknowledges the receipt of the goods on the board and undertakes to carry the goods to the destination port as per conditions stated therein.

Foreign trade is as old as human civilization. Trade between persons and firms of different countries is called foreign trade.

Foreign trade has a number of complications. These are:

Wholesaler denotes a type of middlemen between the producers and retailers. They generally sell goods and commodities to the retailers, industrial consumers and professional users.

The consumers co-operative store offers the following advantages its members:

Consumer’s co-operative store is a type of retail store established to eliminate the importance of middlemen.

The word retailer has been derived from the French word “Retail” which means to sell in small quantities, rather than in gross.

The various advantages of a departmental store are:

A departmental store is a large scale retail establishment having a number of departments housed in the same building and each department deal in one particular line of products.

Buying of goods in large quantities from producers and selling the same in small quantities to retailers is termed as wholesale trade and the person who carries on wholesale trade is called the “Wholesaler”.

Buying goods in large quantities from the manufacturer and selling them in small quantities to the retailer to cater the needs of the consumer is termed as wholesale trade.

Super market is a large scale retail organisation dealing mostly in food products. This type of retail organisation deals in necessaries and convenience goods.