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According to Nyaya philosophy, the second source of valid knowledge is inference. Inference is the means to ‘anuma’ knowledge. It is that knowledge preceding which there is some other knowledge.

The sage Gotama is the founder of Nyaya school. He is also known as Gautama and as Aksapada. Nyaya means argumetation and suggests that the system is predominantly intellectual, analytic, logical and epistemological.

According  to Buddha, ‘ All the existing things have been originated due to some cense. All these things are non-eternal in every way. ‘Whatever appears to be eternal and permanent is also perishable.

The theory of no soul  also follows from the doctrines of dependent origination. There is no in visible permanent substance besides the flow of consciousness.

The doctrine of karma in Buddhist Philosophy is based on the doctrines, the present life of man is the result of his past life and the future depends upon the present.

Every philosophical system reflects the contemporary tendencies found in society. Hence to understand a system of philosophy it is necessary to keep an eye on the contemporary circumstances, thought and their actions, re-actions.

From the philosophical and moral point of view, Buddha has adopted middle path. There are two limits which the aspirant should never approach.

Ultimate end of Buddhist philosophy is nirvana which literally means ‘extinguished’. Some people, according  to the origin, interpret it to mean the end of life but this idea is wrong. had it been so, Buddha would not have attained nirvana before his death.

It was in the Sixth Century B.C. that the world saw the light of Asia, that perfect embodiment of knowledge, courage, love and sacrifice whose heart overflowed with purest emotion. On seeing that human life was essentially fraught with misery and pain.

During a walk outside his palace, Siddhartha Gautama came upon an old person, an ill, a dead and a hermit, and was profoundly stirred by the sight where upon he renounced his kingly pleasures and ventured forth in search of truth.

The destruction of Karma particles, the seeds of limitations, is called Nirjara. These particles are the ones already adhering to the self.

The overshadowing of Jiva by pudgals due to Kasayas is termed as Bondage or Bandha Tattva by the Jainas. Mental tendencies are responsible for the bondage of Jiva.