Archive | Political Science

The Indian political system like federal experiments in many other parts of the world has passed through its various phases of federal polity from its quasi-federal character to a stage of co-operation and the competition in its centre-state relation and then to a stage of extreme centralization.

The constitution provides for a law making body, Legislature for every state. In some states, the Legislature is bicameral and in some it is unit-cameral. Where the Legislature is bicameral the upper House is called the Legislative Council and the lower House is known as Legislative assembly Vidhan Sabha members are elected directly by the […]

The policy and the methods that the moderate leaders of the Congress followed during the first twenty years failed miserably. Their prayers and petitions had no effect on the British Government; on the contrary, the government adopted a hostile attitude towards the congress from the very beginning.

Lok Sabha is the Lower House of Parliament. It has its own Presiding Officer. He is called the Speaker of the House. The House elects another officer known as the Deputy Speaker. In the absence of the Speaker or when the office of the Speaker is vacant, the Deputy Speaker discharges the functions of the […]

Indian Parliament is bicameral. It has two chambers Lok Sabha & Rajyasabha. The Members of the Lok Sabha are directly elected by the people. The members of the Rajyasabha are elected by the members of the Legislative Assemblies of the States.

While the executive power of the Union is vested in the President that of state is vested in a Governor. But in practice executive powers are exercised by the Council of Ministers headed by Chief Minister.

At the apex of the entire judicial system is the Supreme Court of India. The Supreme Court originally consisted of a Chief Justice and seven other judges. In 1985 the strength was increased, it comprises of the Chief Justice and not more than 25 other judges.

The administration of the state is moved in the name of the Governor but in practice it is the Chief Minister who runs the administration. The head of the Council of Ministers of Chief Minister. The position of the State Chief Minister is quite the same as that of the Prime-Minister in the centre.

This article describes the 16 Salient features of the Constitution of the Indian Republic.

The Prime Minister is the most important and powerful executive of the state. He can be called the ruler-of the state. He is the head of the Council of Ministers and all the powers of the President are actually exercised by the ministers. He can rule the country in a way which he thinks the […]

The chapter on Fundamental Rights in the Constitution ever since its adoption has been the subject of criticism, both in India and outside. broadly classified, the critics are of three types.

The Constitution provides for a legislature for every State in the Union (Article 168). In five of the States (viz. Uttar Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir, Maharashtra, Bihar and Karnataka), the legislature is organized in two Houses, namely, the Legislative Assembly and the Legislative Council.

The standard and efficiency of administration in any country depend ultimately on the caliber, training and integrity of the members of the public services.

“Two cheers for Democracy; one because it admits variety and second because it permits criticism.”

Constitution (1st Amendment) Act, 1951: This amendment provided for several new grounds of restrictions to the right to freedom of speech and expression and the right to practice any profession or to carry on any trade or business as contained in Article 19 of the Constitution.

The Parliament is assisted by a number of Committees in the discharge of its duties. The Parliamentary Committees exercise effective control over government activity on a regular and continuing basis.