The procedure of selecting a sample may be broadly classified under the following two heads: 1. Non-Probability Sampling Methods 2. Probability Sampling. 1. Non-Probability Sampling Methods: The common feature in non-probability sampling methods is that subjective judgments are used to determine the populations that are contained in the sample. We classify non-probability sampling into four […]
Procedure of Selecting a Sample: 2 Methods | Research Methodology
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Stratified and Simple Random Sampling | Research Methodology
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We have understood that in simple random sampling, the variance of the sample estimate of the population is: (a) Inversely proportional to the sample size, (b) Directly proportional to the variability of the sampling units in the population. We also know that the precision is defined as reciprocal of its sampling variance. Therefore as sample […]
Sources of Secondary Data | Research Methodology
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Secondary data may be either in the published or unpublished form. The nature of the sources of the published data is quite different from the unpublished data. However, the different sources of the published and unpublished data are presented here as under: (i) Published Sources: The sources of the published secondary data can be broadly […]
3 Different Types of Sampling | Research Methodology
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This article throws light upon the three different types of sampling techniques followed in research process. The types are: 1. Cluster Sampling 2. Multistage Sampling 3. Multiphase Sampling. Type # 1. Cluster Sampling: In this type of sampling divide the total population, depending upon the problem under study, into some recognizable sub-divisions which are termed […]
Collecting Marketing Information: 4 Sources | Research Methodology
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Marketing Information can be obtained from some of these sources given below: Source # 1. Secondary Information Sources: Secondary information is usually collected by persons (before) and very often for purposes other than the problem at hand. If a fan manufacturers, for example, requiring information on the potential market for fan is Sri Lanka, he […]
Selection of Survey Techniques: 6 Criteria’s | Research Methodology
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A careful evaluation of the following seven factors serves as the criteria for selection of a survey technique: Criteria # 1. Cost: The cost of conducting a personal interview are higher as compared to telephone and mail surveys. The interview are higher personal interviews are due to high transportation expenses of the interviewer and time […]
Secondary Data and Its Evaluation | Research Methodology
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Secondary data are those which have already been collected by someone else and which have already been passed through the statistical process. Usefulness of Secondary Data: 1. Cost of collecting data save so it is more economical. 2. Most of the secondary data are ‘Instant’ since they already exist and merely need to be discovered. […]
Methods of Conducting Interviews: 6 Methods | Research Methodology
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Once you have decided on your sample you must decide on your method of data collection. Each method has advantages and disadvantages. Method # 1. Personal Interviews: An interview is called personal when the Interviewer asks the questions face-to-face with the Interviewee. Personal interviews can take place in the home, at a shopping mall, on […]
Rules for Designing Questionnaire | Research Methodology
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The first rule is to design the questionnaire to fit the medium. Phone interviews cannot show pictures. People responding to mail or Web surveys cannot easily ask “What exactly do you mean by that?” if they do not understand a question. Intimate, personal questions are sometimes best handled by mail or computer, where anonymity is […]
Questionnaire and Its Construction | Research Methodology
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Questionnaires are frequently used in quantitative marketing research and social research in general. They are a most valuable method of collecting a wide range of information from a large number of respondents. Good questionnaire construction is critical to the success of a survey. In appropriate questions, incorrect ordering of questions, incorrect scaling, or bad questionnaire […]
Tools for Collecting Data | Research Methodology
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This article throws light upon the three main tools for collecting data for research. The tools are: 1. Survey Design 2. Quotas 3. Scanning Questionnaires. 1. Survey Design: Surveys can be a powerful and useful tool for collecting data on human characteristics, attitudes, thoughts, and behavior. Knowing what the client wants is the key factor […]
Study of Political Geography | Hindi
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Read this article to learn about the methodology laid down for the study of political geography in Hindi language. 1950 में प्रकाशित एक महत्वपूर्ण शोध पत्र में हार्टशोर्न ने राजनीतिक भूगोल के स्वरूप और उसकी प्रगति की समीक्षा करते हुए रेखांकित किया कि उनके द्वारा प्रतिपादित, आकारिक अध्ययन विधि व्यावहारिक स्तर पर कारगर सिद्ध नहीं […]