Logically, intelligence means evaluated information gathering, may be in detail with data or particular information or fact. It is sometimes called active data or active intelligence. It is with regard to information on current plans, decisions and actions of people or may otherwise be considered valuable from the points of view of the intelligence-gathering organization. In Government operations, applications of intelligence are therefore necessary, and there are separate departments within the Government to look after the work relevant to them. This supply of information to the Government is the key need for operation of any Government.
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In a sense, the usage of ‘intelligence’ at the national level may be somewhat associated with the concept of social intelligence which is tied to traditional politics, law and enforcement. Open source intelligence involves all-source collection, storage and indexing of data through intelligence officers of the Government department. However, security clearance may also be asked for. Government intelligence is usually assigned to intelligence agencies often with large budgets for which variety of techniques are applied to obtain information.
There are also specialist agencies for collecting various types of information that is crucial to the Government. RAW, CBI, IB are the most effective secret agencies in Inda. Depending on the national policy, some intelligence agencies engage in clandestine and covert activities such as political subversion, sabotage and assassination. Other agencies strictly limit themselves to analysis.Military intelligence is an element of warfare which covers all aspects of gathering, analyzing and making use of information about enemy forces and the ground. It involves spying, lookouts, high-tech surveillance equipment and also secret agents.
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Business intelligence denotes the public or secret information that an organization obtains about its competitors and markets. Intelligence trait serves for individual humans and animals.Intelligence collection is often controversial and seen as a threat to privacy but intelligence is essential for Government policy formulation and operations. It is a policy matter for individual Governments through which, though usually associated with warfare, it can also be used to preserve peace. The process of taking known information about situations and entities of strategic, operational or tactical importance, and with appropriate statements of probability is must for good operations for any Government. The descriptions are drawn from whatever matter is available in the form of deliberately deceptive information. The analysts must correlate the similarities among deceptions and extract a common truth. Although its practice is found in its purest form inside intelligence agencies, such as the Central intelligence Agency (CIA) in the US or the Secret Intelligence Service (SIS, M 16) in the UK, FBI in Pakistan, CBI & RAW in India, its methods are also applicable in fields such as business intelligence or competitive intelligence.
Intelligence analysis is a way of reducing the ambiguity of highly ambiguous situations, as such a situation which is often deliberately created by highly intelligent people with mindsets very different from those of the analysts, considering the facts of extreme risk to achieve minor gain. Above all, they are not in favor of cognitive traps for intelligence analysis projecting what they want the opponent to think, and using available information to justify that conclusion. Government authorities definitely maintain the facts for functioning their works smoothly and effectively but keeping their methods very much secret.
Moreover, present role of intelligence in governance has drastically changed due to interference of terrorists. Like India, intelligence in US Government operations has changed dramatically and is now more critical than ever to domestic security and foreign policy relying on a multitude of sources, including hundreds of official documents, detainee interrogation and homeland security intelligence.
Government of India in May 2000 had set up a group of Ministers (GoM) to study the recommendations of the Kargil Review Committee regarding India’s Defense and intelligence functioning to study intelligence, defense management, internal security and border management. Accordingly, India has a Chief of Defense Staff (CDS), senior most from the Army, the Navy and the Air Force. But the CDS is responsible for command of intelligence service called the Defense intelligence Agency (DIA), which is overall responsible authority for coordinating the directorates of military, Naval and Air Force intelligence.
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The wing called the intelligence Bureau (IB) has complete responsibility for internal security operations. The research and analysis wing (RAW) looks after significant external intelligence-gathering role. Besides, the J&K Police’s special operations group (SOG0 in also involved in the task to prevent terrorist activates. The hard business of micro-intelligence gathering, running sources and producing actionable intelligence has been relegated to the background. Part of the reason is that, after the creation of the RAW, the IB was stripped of its technical intelligence assets. Now, IB is working independently, with communications capability in order to effectively monitor all forms of cellular, land-line, radio frequency and internet traffic.
It has its own cryptographic resources, along with direction-finding equipment to locate transmissions for deep penetration operations.The RAW, like the IB is more focused organization. It utilizes the services of paramilitary forces like the Shanti Suraksha Bal (SSB) and the Indo-Tibetan Border police along the border with China and are engaged for in-house security needs, gathering external intelligence and running transborder operations. Moreover, RAW retains the high-profile Aerial Recon-naissance Centre (ARC) which has been set up with the assistance of US in the wake of the India-China border conflict.
National societies seek a more assertive role in the response to needs in their country. They also seek better acknowledgement of their contribution and capacities on the part of the ICRC.Truly Universal: the ICRC and its 12,000 staff is under steady pressure due to the pace of global change and its multiple effects on people’s safety, integrity, dignity and livelihoods. The approach it has advocated over the years-of taking into account the interaction between local, regional and global dimensions-becomes more important than ever. It is becoming truly universal in its thinking and action. It has become adaptable to the changing realities and needs of different contexts. The way the ICRC does not allow the manifold problems and constraints standing in its way to undermine its steadfast determination to discharge its responsibilities is truly admirable.
Military intelligence has also formed in the form of DIA which is most powerful bureau. Other two directly controlled agencies of Defense which are also powerful are the signals intelligence Directorate and the Defense Image Processing and Analysis Centre (DIPAC). They coordinate information to army corps commanders in areas where the Armed forces special powers Act is in force.At present India has only one joint tri-series command, located on the adaman and nicobar islands. It is the inter-services working which is headed by a Vice-Admiral and is Navy-dominated. It has an exemplary working style for overall control of all forces.
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Coordination with and among each of the Government agencies and defense authorities is a must for protecting our motherland from any internal and external threats. More state-of-the-art weapons, modern gadgets, new technology usage with sincere efforts at this juncture is required to prevent any 26/11 type of attack in future.