Cytoplasm is that part of the protoplasm which surrounds the nucleus and is itself surrounded by dead cell wall. Cytoplasm can be divided into the following parts.
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(a) Plasmalemma
(b) Tonoplast
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(c) Portion of cytoplasm enclosed by plasmalemma and tonoplast.
One of the most striking feature of cellular organization are the membranes. Not only are the cells bounded at their surface by the plasmalemma (= plasma membranes) and inside (around the vacuole) by tonoplast (= vacuolar membrane) but various membranous organelles compartmentalize specific cellular function and activities. In Eukaryotic cells the cytoplasmic matrix itself is pervaded by membrane bound channels and endoplasmic reticulum.