Apartheid implies superiority of the whites and the inferiority of the blacks and browns and their segregation in their colonies or slums. It means that they are seconds rate citizens and the whites have, therefore, every to rule over them.
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At the eighth NAM Summit held at Harare, Ex-Prime Minister late Shri Rajiv Gandhi, till then chairman of the movement, handed over the charge to Prime Minister Robert Mugabe of Zimbabwe, a front line state having a long common border with racist South Africa, and further that the people of Zimbabwe were ready to face all hardships that may be caused by retaliatory action on the part of South Africa. A number of other front –line leaders expressed themselves forcefully in favour of combine military action against South Africa for its policies of Apartheid.
A common plan of action was worked out by virtue of the quiet, behind the scene lobbying of our Ex-Prime Minister Shri Rajiv Gandhi. He was the most honoured of the delegates and whenever he spoke he was loudly cheered and received standing ovations. He pledged all-out support-economic, moral and diplomatic—in the fight of the African States against Apartheid which he denounced in the strongest possible words.
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It was as a result of his quiet diplomacy and personal contacts behind the scene that consensus on a number of issues was reached and a meaningful plan of action formulated. The focus was on South Africa and the dismantling of the hateful system of Apartheid. It was resolved that a “solidarity fund” would be established. It will be used to provide financial help to the freedom movement in South Africa and to all those struggling to dismantle Apartheid. It would also be used to provide financial assistance to those frontline states which have to bear the burden of retaliatory action on the part of the racist regime in South Africa.
It also called upon the nations of the world to impose harsher and more comprehensive sanctions to help the freedom fighters there. It was also resolved that a few ministers from the NAM countries would visit Britain, U.S.A., Australia, Canada etc., and persuade those countries to impose sanctions against South Africa, and stop the flow of tourists and technology to that country.
The non-aligned movement has always been essentially an assertion of an independent foreign policy, avoidance of involvement in big power politics and steadfast ruling out of participation in big power military alliances. In essence, non-alignment is a movement of people and states joined by a common commitment to liberation, independence, peace and more equitable and just economic and social order. It will gain and retain its credibility if it manages to become a coherent, united group striving to and succeeding in improving the quality of life fits teaming millions, like the blacks in South Africa.
An early victory for the blacks in South Africa and the champion of their just cause was in sight. The than south Africa Prime Minister, Mr. F.W.De Klerk promised to repeal apartheid laws. He started that “We shall never be able to have a complete peace in South Africa as long as there is statutory discrimination.” As result of his moderate policy Nelson Mandela, the chief of African national congress was released from jail, and he toured the world and gained the help and support of a number of nations.
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The result was the agreement signed by Dr. Nelson Mandela and than South Africa Prime Minister, Mr.F.W.DeKlerk. They agreed to end the existing climate of violence and intimidation from whichever quarter it comes, and solve their problems through a peaceful process of negotiation .The first democratic elections in South Africa took place in 1994 and Dr. Nelson Mandela became the first Democratic President of South Africa. Two years later in 1996 South Africa adopted a new constitution on May 8 that guarantees equal rights and majority rule and also complete the transportation from the injustice of apartheid to the liberal democracy.