Introduction:
Generally the major persons of a country are called her citizens. The constitution of India has defined the qualifications to be an Indian citizen. Generally those who are born in India, who are born of the Indian parents and who are the long time residents of India are accepted as the Indian citizens. Besides, there are some special categories too. Every citizen has certain rights to enjoy. So he would have the obligation to do certain duties to his country an nation.
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Rights:
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The Constitution of India has granted some fundamental rights to her Citizens. there are seven in number, such as; (1) right to equality, (2) right to freedom, (3) right against exploitation, (4) right to freedom of religion, (5) cultural and education rights, (6) right to property and (7) right to constitutional remedies.
Right to equality: It guarantees equality of opportunity to all in public employments, without discrimination of religion, race, caste, sex or place of birth.
Right to freedom: It guarantees freedom of speech, peaceful assembly, formation of associations and unions, free movement in India, freedom of inhabitation anywhere in India, freedom of acquiring, holding and disposing of properties and freedom of practicing any trade or profession.
Right against exploitation: Forced labour and traffic in human beings are prohibited.
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Right of freedom of religion: Freedom of religion is guaranteed subject to provisions for health, morality, peace and order.
Cultural and educational rights: Linguistic, cultural and religious interests of the minorities are protected. They an establish and administer their educational institutions.
Right to property: No person can be unlawfully deprived of this movable and immovable property.
Right to constitutional remedies: Any citizen can move the Supreme Court of India for the enforcement of his fundamental rights.
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These rights are guaranteed by the Indian constitution. Any act of the Legislature which affects these fundamental rights can be challenged in a Court of Law.
Duties:
A citizen should have duties and responsibilities for his country. He should try to do the public good. He should control his conduct on the light of the good of his country. He should exercise his rights with proper judgment and obey the law of road and the like. He should try to build himself to do the best service for the country. He should have patriotism and fellow-feeling. As a citizen, he should know his responsibility to discharge his duties.
Conclusion:
It is a matter of regret that most of the Indian citizens are neglectful of their duties to India. However, it is hoped, our student community will do their duties to the country, while enjoying the rights, guaranteed by the Constitution.